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Nepali Kings during the 240 years of Monarchy 1. Prithvi Narayan Shah (1743-1775) 2. Pratap Singh Shah (1775-1777) 3. Rana Bahadur Shah (1777-1799) 4. Girvan Yudha Bikram Shah (1799-1816) 5. Rajendra Bikram Shah (1816-1847) 6. Surendra Bikram Shah (1847-1881) 7. Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah (1881-1911) 8. Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah (1911-1955) 9. Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah (1955-1972) 10. Birendra Bir Bikram Shah (1972-2001) 11. Dipendra Bir Bikram Shah (June 2, 2001 to June 4, 2001) 12. Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah (2001 – 2008) 1. Prithvi Narayan Shah Prithvi Narayan Shah (1743-1775) Father: Narbhupal Shah Mother: Kaushalyawati Wives: Narendra Rajya Laxmi,Indra Kumari Ruled: 1743-1775 He seized many states and combined them into a Gorkha Kingdom and laid the fundamentals for an independent country. He defeated the British and Muslim forces and was known to give Dibya Upadesh (Divine Counsel) to his descendants. During his era many now famous tourist attractions like the the nine-storey Basantapur Durbar, the seven storey Durbar, the Ranga Mahal and Tilanga House of Nuwakot were built. 2. Pratap Singh Shah Pratap Singh Shah(1775-1777) Father: Prithivi Narayan Shah Mother: Narendra Rajya Laxmi Ruled: 1775-1777 He instigated war with Sikkim but lost. He began the tradition of having a linga (pillar) on the occasion of Indrajatra festival and organized a conference of Sanskrit scholars represented by 12 different countries. 3. Rana Bahadur Shah http://www.manitara.com/timeline/assets/RanaBahadurShah.gif Father: Pratap Singh Shah Ruled: 1777-1799 During his rule, Damodar and Amar Singh Thapa attacked Garhwal, Almorah and Kumaon, and tied them to the Kingdom of Nepal. Nepal’s border was extended from Kashmir to Sikkim, from the Himalayas to the border of Agra, Bihar and Bengal to the South. The Dharahara and Sundhara were built during this time period. His major contribution was the renewal of the measurement system. In the end he was stabbed to death by his step brother, Sher Bahadur. 4. Girvan Yudha Bikram Shah Girvan Yudha Bikram Shah(1799-1816) Father: Rana Bahadur Shah Ruled: 1799-1816 There were many battles during his rule. The major battles included: Battle of Nalapani (Khalanga), Battle of Jaithak , Battle of Jeetgarh, Battle of Devthal , Battle of Gadwan, and finally, the Nepal-British war. In the Nepal-British war, the Sugauli treaty was signed which took the side of the British. 5. Rajendra Bikram Shah Rajendra Bikram Shah (1816-1847) Father: Girvan Yudha Bikram Shah Ruled: 1816-1847 During his era, Nepal underwent various economic reforms. Major accomplishment was the abolition of slavery. Some major roads were built and English education was introduced. There was the the Cot massacre, the Bhandarkhar event and the Alou event took place, and this started the Rana regime. 6. Surendra Bikram Shah Surendra Bikram Shah (1847-1881) Father: Rajendra Bikram Shah Ruled: 1847-1881 His era consisted of renovation of the Swayambhu stupa and the abolition of witchcraft which justified the killings of women. The first poll was conducted and the road from Kathmandu to Birjung and Bhaktapur to Thankot were built. 7.Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah (1881-1911) Father: Surendra Bikram Shah Ruled: 1881-1911 Automobile was first introduced and Nepal was acknowledged as an independent sovereign country. There were military and judicial improvements and strict sanitary systems were enforced. The Sati custom (Hindu custom where the widow was burnt to ashes on her dead husband’s pyre) was eliminated. Nepal took part in the World War in favor of British. High court and colleges were established. 8. Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah (1911-1955) Father: Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Ruled: 1911-1955 End of the Rana regime. The Delhi agreement was signed for the arrangement of a new ministry under the king. 9. Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah (1955-1972) Father: Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah Mother: Kanti Rajya Laxmi Ruled: 1955-1972 Nepal became the member of UNO and diplomatic relationships with various countries including China were established. The first general election for the cabinet was conducted but this was unsuccessful. Therefore, Mahendra introduced the Panchayat where the king had direct control over the people and the cabinet. 10. Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Birendra Bir Bikram Shah (1972-2001) Father: Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Mother: Indra Rajya Laxmi Devi Wife: Aishwarya Rajya Laxmi Devi Shah Ruled: 1972-2001 He announced Nepal as a democratic country in 1990 and then as a new constitution in 1940. He placed significant importance on scientific methods of agriculture. The 20-year Health Plan was executed and the new educational system plan was introduced. Finally, the Panchayat system was eliminated and the multi-party system was introduced. 11. Dipendra Bir Bikram Shah Dipendra Bir Bikram Shah (2-4 June 2001) Father: Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev Mother: Aishwarya Rajya Laxmi Devi Shah Ruled: June 2, 2001 to June 4, 2001 Furious at not being allowed to marry Devyani Rana , kills his father King Birendra and eight other members of the royal family and then shoots himself. 12. Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah (2001-) Father: Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Mother: Indra Rajya Laxmi Devi Wife: Komal Shah Ruled: 2001 – 2008 He was crowned twice, first was in November 1950, when the Rana prime minister had made him king at the age of four and again after the death of Dipendra Bir Bikram Shah. He is an important figure in the King Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation and has worked alongside the World Wildlife Fund. king and queen King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah and Queen Aishwarya Rajya Laxmi Devi Shah. Both killed in the Royal Massacre. Image: Original Image road The road from Kathmandu to Birjung built during the Surendra Bikram Shah reign. Image: http://www.dor.gov.np/images/graphic/main_img.jpg sati The Sati custom was finally abolished during Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah's rule. Image: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Burning_of_a_Widow.jpg Sources Cont

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